Table 2 Personal information of the participants
Baseline characteristics | Group A:Novices without force feedback (n = 21) | Group B:Novices with force feedback (n = 21) | Group C: Experienced without force feedback (n = 6) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 24.19 ± 1.12 | 24.71 ± 1.38 | 34.67 ± 2.86 |
Gender | Female:16, male:5 | Female:18, male:3 | Female:4, male:2 |
Length of laparoscopic experiences | 0 | 0 | > 5 |
Number of laparoscopic operations | 0 | 0 | ≥100 |
Dominant hand | Right:21, left:0 | Right:21, left:0 | Right:6, left:0 |
Laparoscopic feel, median (range) | (3.5,1–6) | (3.5,1–6) | (6.5,5–8) |
Play video game (yes) | 9 | 9 | 3 |