Table 3 Pooled standard mean difference, heterogeneity and publication bias according nursing learning outcomes
Parameters | Total | N. study | Pooled standard mean difference, (95%, CI) | p-value (effect) | Heterogeneity test | Publication bias | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I2 | τ2 | Egger’s | Begg’s | |||||
Skill | Total | 6 | 0.52 (-0.15- 1.20) | 0.13 | 90.2 | 0.64 | 0.65 | 0.85 |
Knowledge | Total | 5 | 0.91 (-0.32- 2.15) | 0.15 | 96.1 | 1.9 | 0.59 | 0.62 |
Subgroup Nursing Staff Nursing Student | 3 2 | 0.50 (-0.21- 1.21) 1.49 (-1.83- 4.48) | 0.57 | 81.2 98.7 | 0.32 5.88 | |||
Self confidence | Total | 3 | 0.96 (-0.12- 2.06) | 0.08 | 91.9 | 0.83 | 0.23 | 0.12 |
Subgroup Nursing Staff Nursing Student | 1 2 | 2.11 (1.38- 2.84) 0.40 (-0.01- 0.81) | 0.001 | - 38.9 | - 0.04 | |||
Attention | Total | 2 | -0.32 (-1.7- 1.1) | 0.65 | 95.7 | 0.95 | 0.11 | 0.09 |