Skip to main content

Table 3 Residency performance outcome and complication

From: Modified paramedian versus conventional paramedian technique in the residency training: an observational study

 

Conventional Method

Modified Method

p value*

Spinal Group

Attempt Number

  

< 0.001

 1

26 (20.31%)

76 (59.38%)

 

 2–3

68 (53.13%)

47 (36.72%)

 

  > 3

24 (18.75%)

3 (2.34%)

 

 Failure

10 (7.81%)

2 (1.56%)

0.018

Complications a

2 (1.56%)

2 (1.56%)

1.000

Epidural group

Attempt Number

  

< 0.001

 1

11 (14.29%)

50 (64.94%)

 

 2–3

24 (31.17%)

19 (24.68%)

 

  > 3

30 (38.96%)

6 (7.79%)

 

 Failure

12 (15.58%)

2 (2.60%)

 

None error

40 (51.95%)

66 (85.71%)

< 0.001

Implant error b

  

< 0.001

 D

12 (15.58%)

5 (6.49%)

 

 P

18 (23.38%)

5 (6.49%)

 

 IV

7 (9.09%)

1 (1.30%)

 

Complications a

11 (14.29%)

1 (1.30%)

0.003

Combined group

Attempt Number

  

< 0.001

 1

8 (15.09%)

26 (47.27%)

 

 2–3

15 (28.30%)

22 (40.00%)

 

  > 3

18 (33.96%)

6 (10.91%)

 

 Failure

12 (22.64%)

1 (1.82%)

 

None error

19 (35.85%)

48 (87.27%)

< 0.001

Implant error b

  

< 0.001

D

10 (18.87%)

2 (3.64%)

 

P

19 (35.85%)

4 (7.27%)

 

IV

5 (9.43%)

1 (1.82%)

 

Complications a

11 (20.75%)

2 (3.64%)

0.006

  1. Values are expressed as number (n(%))
  2. a Complications include infection, epidural hematoma, and post-dural puncture headache
  3. b Implant error included dura puncture, difficulty of catheter threading, blood withdraw, and intrathecal catheterization
  4. Abbreviations: D difficulty at threading; P dura puncture, IV intravascular catheterization
Back to article page

BMC Medical Education

ISSN: 1472-6920

Contact us