Table 1 Examples of curricular projects and related trainee, patient, staff and systems outcomes across center of excellence in primary care education sites
Curriculum (and supporting competencies) | Curricular modality | Professions involved | Trainee outcomes | Patient outcomes | Systems/ Cultural outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interprofessional seminars on team-based primary care (SDM, SR, IPC) | Didactic instruction; Small group (workshops format); Cross-profession Retreats | IM, NP, PharmD, Health Psych, RN trainees & co-instructors | Enhanced team skills and improved NP students clinical competence [32] | Improved chronic disease management for patients in participating clinics across VA [22] | Participants reported organizational and systemic barriers to changing existing primary care practice [27] |
Clinic huddle curriculum (SR, IPC) | Collaborative workplace learning | IM, NP, PharmD, Health Psych, RN trainees & supervisors | Improved understanding and perceived value of team members [33] | Improved chronic disease management for patients in participating clinics across VA [22] | Improved team processes related to clinic flow [33] |
Population Health/Panel Management curriculum (IPC, PI) | Didactic instruction, Collaborative workplace learning, Reflection/ feedback/ evaluation | IM, NP, PharmD, RN +/- Psych trainees | Improved confidence and knowledge in management of chronic conditions in patient panel [34] | Improved diabetes care metrics throughout participating clinics across VA [22] | Implementation of curricula and evaluation of learning outcomes across sites [35] |
Polypharmacy (SDM, IPC, PI) | Didactic instruction, Collaborative workplace learning, Reflection/ feedback/ evaluation | IM, NP, PharmD, Health Psych, RN trainees | Improvement in trainee knowledge of polypharmacy compared to controls [36] | Medications were appropriately discontinued or had decreased dose and/or frequency in participating Veterans [36] | Trainees perceived that the experience changed their practice in other clinical setting with impacts across system [36] |
Interprofessional Quality Improvement projects (IPC, PI) | Didactic instruction, Collaborative workplace learning, Reflection/ feedback/ evaluation | IM, NP, PharmD, Health Psych, RN trainees | Evidence of collaboration and participation by trainees from multiple professions in quality improvement projects [37] | Improved adherence to clinical guidelines and changed opioid prescribing practices in more than one third of assessed patients [38] | Evidence of collaboration and participation by multiple professions in quality improvement projects [37] |
Interprofessional Case Conference for High Risk/High Need Patients (SDM, SR, IPC) | Collaborative workplace learning; Small group (case conference) format | IM, NP, PharmD, Health Psych, RN trainees & supervisors | Improved understanding of team roles, increased referral to team members and collaboration [13] | Decreased ER visits and hospitalizations for patients compared to controls [14] | Conference model successfully disseminated across participating CoEPCE sites [15] |