Table 2 Analysis summary of included studies for CPE/CPD features
From: A scoping review of continuing education models and statutory requirements for pharmacists globally
Characteristics of included articles | N (%) |
|---|---|
Year of publication | 24 (100) |
2012–2016 | 8 (33.3) |
2017–2023 | 16 (66.7) |
*COVID-19 pandemic years (2020–2023). | 9 (37.5) |
**Country classifications by income groups | 26 (100) |
Low income | 2 (7.7) |
Lower-middle income | 7 (26.9) |
Upper-middle income | 3 (11.5) |
High income | 14 (53.8) |
Research Method | 24 (100) |
Quantitative | 20 (83.4) |
Qualitative | 2 (8.3) |
Mixed methods | 2 (8.3) |
**Country statutory requirements | 26 (100) |
Mandatory | 22 (84.6) |
Non-mandatory/Voluntary | 4 (15.4) |
Continuing education model used | 24 (100) |
Continuing professional education (CPE) | 3 (12.5) |
Continuing professional development (CPD) | 21 (87.5) |
Lifelong learning format /CPD Modality | 24 (100) |
E-learning only | 4 (16.7) |
Face-to-face only | 13 (54.2) |
Blended (Both e-learning and face-to-face) | 7 (29.1) |