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Table 1 Mean pretest, posttest and follow-up values between SPs and VPs according to year of residency

From: Virtual patients versus standardized patients for improving clinical reasoning skills in ophthalmology residents. A randomized controlled trial

Years of residency

SP group

VP group

Pre-test

Post-test

Follow up post-test

Pre-test

Post-test

Follow up post-test

1st year

13.33 ± 2.7

17 ± 2.4

15.7 ± 2.7

13.5 ± 2.07

17.2 ± 2.2

16 ± 2.1

2nd year

11.4 ± 3.8

15.4 ± 4.7

15.2 ± 3.8

8.6 ± 4.7

15.4 ± 4.7

11.8 ± 3.9

3rd year

14.4 ± 1.9

17.2 ± 1.8

15.8 ± 1.8

15.5 ± 2.7

18.5 ± 0.5

17.5 ± 1.0

4th year

11.4 ± 3.3

16 ± 3.1

15 ± 3.7

12.7 ± 2.9

16.8 ± 1.7

16.7 ± 2.5