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Table 3 Paired-samples t-test, pre- and post- rotation question results, from student survey

From: ‘First, do no harm’: systematic program evaluation of an equine veterinary service-learning initiative with Indigenous communities in Canada

Question

Mean Difference

SD

SEM

95% CI: lower

95% CI: upper

t

df

p (2-tailed test)

1

.25

.96

.48

-1.27

1.77

.52

3

.64

2

-.50

1.91

.96

-3.55

2.55

-.52

3

.64

3

-.25

.50

.25

-1.05

.55

-1.00

3

.39

4a

-

5

.25

.50

.25

-.55

1.05

1.00

3

.39

6

-.50

.58

.29

-1.42

.42

-1.73

3

.18

7

.20

1.71

.85

-2.47

2.97

.29

3

.79

8

.50

1.00

.50

-1.09

2.09

1.00

3

.39

9

-.50

1.00

.50

-2.09

1.09

-1.00

3

.39

10

.25

.96

.48

-1.27

1.77

.52

3

.64

11a

-

12a

-

13

-.25

.50

.25

-1.05

.55

-1.00

3

.39

14

.25

1.26

.63

-1.75

2.25

.40

3

.72

15a

-

16a

-

17

-.50

.58

.29

-1.42

.42

-1.73

3

.18

18

-.50

.58

.29

-1.42

.42

-1.73

3

.18

19

.00

.82

.41

-1.30

1.30

.00

3

1.00

20

.00

.82

.41

-1.30

1.30

00

3

1.00

21

-.50

1.29

.65

-2.55

1.55

-.78

3

.50

22

.00

.82

.41

-1.30

1.30

.00

3

1.00

23

.25

.50

.25

-.55

1.05

1.00

3

.39

24

.25

.50

.25

-.55

1.05

1.00

3

.39

25

-.25

.50

.25

-1.05

.55

-1.00

3

.39

26

-.50

1.00

.50

-2.09

1.09

-1.00

3

.39

27

-.25

1.50

.75

-2.64

2.14

-.33

3

.76

28

1.00

.82

.41

-.30

.30

2.45

3

.09

29a

-

30

.25

.50

.25

-.55

1.05

1.00

3

.39

31

.25

.50

.25

-.55

1.05

1.00

3

.39

  1. SEM standard error mean
  2. aUnable to calculate paired-samples t-test because the standard error of the difference is 0