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Table 2 Application of gaming elements in the present study

From: Virtual reality cricothyrotomy - a case-control study on gamification in emergency education

Gaming element

Included

Excluced

Reasoning

Theoretical questions

 

x

We excluded theoretical questions to focus on the particle aspect of the exercise.

Point system

x

  

Progress bar

 

x

Since our simulation is performed separately each run, progress is not assessed.

Feedback

x

  

Awards

 

x

Since our simulation is performed separately each run, awards were not given.

Social interaction

 

x

We included no player-to-player communication, since only one student performed the VR simulation at a time.

Story line

x

  
  1. Gaming elements were applied from the review of Westenhaver et al. [6].