Table 3 Effect of VR simulation program (N = 66)
Variables | Experimental (n = 33) | Control (n = 33) | t (p valueb) | F (p valuec) for interaction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||
Knowledge | ||||
Pre-test | 11.12 ± 2.619 | 11.82 ± 1.530 | -1.320 (0.192) | 1.41(0.251) |
Post-test 1 | 13.73 ± 1.232 | 13.48 ± 1.482 | 0.723 (0.472) | |
Post-test 2 | 14.12 ± 1.219 | 14.09 ± 1.071 | 0.107 (0.915) | |
F (p valuea) | 34.81 (< 0.001) | 29.47 (< 0.001) | ||
Confidence | ||||
Pre-test | 6.30 ± 4.510 | 6.94 ± 3.984 | − 0.607 (0.546) | 1.97(0.144) |
Post-test 1 | 13.27 ± 4.785 | 12.52 ± 3.063 | 0.766 (0.446) | |
Post-test 2 | 13.61 ± 3.791 | 12.61 ± 3.041 | 1.182 (0.242) | |
F (p valuea) | 65.48 (< 0.001) | 60.56 (< 0.001) | ||
Clinical reasoning capacity | ||||
Pre-test | 33.88 ± 12.971 | 35.97 ± 10.812 | − 0.711 (0.479) | 2.85(0.061) |
Post-test 1 | 52.61 ± 12.296 | 50.45 ± 9.394 | 0.799 (0.427) | |
Post-test 2 | 53.39 ± 12.865 | 50.70 ± 9.026 | 0.986 (0.328) | |
F (p valuea) | 91.67 (< 0.001) | 66.03 (< 0.001) | ||
Learning immersion | ||||
Post-test 1 | 43.39 ± 5.836 | 37.82 ± 5.576 | 3.968 (< 0.001) | N/A |
Learning satisfaction | ||||
Post-test 1 | 9.06 ± 1.088 | 7.55 ± 1.734 | 4.252 (< 0.001) | N/A |