Table 1 Summary of characteristics studies (n = 17)

1978

1 (5.9)

[27]

1995

1 (5.9)

[34]

2017

1 (5.9)

[35]

2018

2 (11.8)

[36, 37]

2020

4 (23.5)

[38,39,40,41]

2021

4 (23.5)

[42,43,44,45]

2022

4 (23.5)

[46,47,48,49]

Country

 USA

13 (76.5)

[27, 34, 37, 39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48]

 UK

2 (11.8)

[35, 49]

 Canada

1 (5.9)

[36]

 Austria

1 (5.9)

[38]

Type of article

 Research papers

13 (76.5)

[35,36,37,38,39,40,41, 43, 44, 46,47,48]

 Reports

3 (17.6)

[27, 34, 42]

 Dissertation

1 (5.9)

[45]

Professional field

 Healthcare

5 (29)

[39, 42, 43, 47, 48]

 Postgraduate students

4 (23)

[35,36,37, 45]

 Undergraduate healthcare

2 (11.8)

[41, 46]

 Business and Management

2 (11.8)

[44, 49]

 STEM & Academia

2 (11.8)

[40, 44]

 Mixed high achieving industries

2 (11.8)

[27, 34]

 Technology

1 (5.9)

[38]

Gender

 Males > females

3 (17.6)

[38, 41, 47]

 Females > males

3 (17.6)

[44, 45, 48]

 Only females

6 (35.3)

[27, 34, 35, 40, 42, 49]

 Only males

0

 Other gender reported

0

 Gender not reported

5 (29)

[36, 37, 39, 43, 46]

Intervention type

 Group:

  Interactive workshop

10 (58.8)

[36, 37, 39, 40, 43,44,45,46,47,48]

  Group psychotherapy

2 (11.8)

[27, 34]

  Online training module

1 (5.9)

[41]

 Individual:

  Coaching / Supervision

3 (17.6)

[38, 42, 49]

  Reflective journaling

1 (5.9)

[35]