Fig. 2

ECG test scores of Exp (n = 55) and Con (n = 54) groups at different time points. Exp: experimental group with the combined BOPPPS and CBL method. Con: control group with the traditional LBL method. Different time points: Pre-quiz: 1-week pre training; post-quiz 1: 1 week after training; post-quiz 2: 6 months after training. A total score; B theoretical score; C application score. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD); **p < 0.01 vs. Pre-quiz in Exp, ##p < 0.01 vs. Pre-quiz in Con, △△p < 0.01 vs. post-quiz 1 in Exp, †† p < 0.01 vs. post-quiz 1 in Con, ^^p < 0.01 vs. Con at different time points