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Table 1 Framework for Comment Characteristics of Specificity and Valence used in study of Association of Gender and Resident Race and Ethnicity and Narrative Comments from Internal Medicine Resident Performance Assessments

From: Analysis of narrative assessments of internal medicine resident performance: are there differences associated with gender or race and ethnicity?

Comment Characteristic

Description

Scale

Details

Specificity

Highly Specific

3

References more than 3 core competencies OR includes 2 specific items (includes specific examples of something done well or an area for improvement or action items)

Moderately Specific

2

References 2 to 3 core competencies OR includes 1 specific item (includes specific examples of something done well or an area for improvement or action item) in a core competency

Mildly Specific

1

References 1 core competency

Non- specific

0

References 0 core competencies

Valence

Very Strong Praise

+ 3

Very strongly positive, very high praise

Strong Praise

+ 2

Strongly positive, high praise

Praising

+ 1

Fairly positive, moderate praise

Neutral

0

Neutral

Critical

-1

Fairly negative tone, moderate criticism, includes 1 ‘red flag’ about performance

Strong Criticism

-2

Strongly negative tone, critical, includes 2 ‘red flags’ about performance

Very Strong Criticism

-3

Very strongly negative tone, critical, includes 3 ‘red flags’ about performance