Table 6 Methods of assessment

1. Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire [92]

2. Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionairre [92]

3. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale [89, 92]

4. Interpersonal Reactivity Index [94, 131, 190, 192]

5. Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale [92]

6. Beck Depression Inventory [92, 136, 143]

7. Beck anxiety inventory [110, 136, 143]

8. Jefferson scale of physcal empathy [64, 67, 91, 174, 180, 182]

9. Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale [67]

10. Self-Regulation Questionnaire [67, 180]

11. Self-Compassion Scale [67, 80, 174, 180, 188]

12. Coping Self-effiacy scale [136]

13. Social Readjustment Rating Scale Revised [136]

14. Duke religion index [87]

15. DASS 21—Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale [84, 87, 95, 110, 122, 165, 181, 188, 194]

16. WHOQOL-BREF—World Health Organization Quality of Life [73, 87]

17. Five Facets of Mindfulness (FFMQ (99)-BR) [87, 91, 122, 188]

18. Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) [85, 137, 174, 188]

19. Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-8) [137]

20. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) [66, 80, 83,84,85, 88, 91, 94, 95, 110, 130, 137, 157, 159, 161, 169, 174] [122, 123]

21. Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) [64, 137]

22. Happiness and Gratitude Scale [137]

23. Resilience Scale (RS) [80]

24. Groningen Reflection Ability Scale (GRAS) [155]

25. Tolerance for Ambiguity (TFA) [155]

26. Best Intentions Questionnaire (BIQ) [155]

27. Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R) [56]

28. The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised1 (SCL-90-R) [70, 73, 85, 110, 122]

29. General Severity Index (GSI) [73]

30. Perceived Medical School Stress (PMSS) [154]

31. Hopkins Symptom Check List (SCL-5) [154, 180]

32. Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) [88]

33. Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Students (UWES-S) [88]

34. .Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) [88, 89, 96]

35. Mindfulness Adherence Questionnaire (MAQ) [88]

36. Mindfulness Scale–Revised (CAMS-R) [129, 130]

37. Neff’s self-compassion scale [129]

38. 10-item Calm, Compassionate Care Scale [129]

39. Smith’s 6-item Brie Resilience Scale [129]

40. 5-item Santa Clara Brief Compassion Scale [129]

41. Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) [95, 101, 114, 122, 157, 159, 165, 194]

42. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) [94, 95, 146, 159]

43. Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) [95]

44. Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) [95]

45. Distress tolerance scale (DTS) [130]

46. Positive affect negative affect schedule (PANAS) [130]

47. Trier Inventory for the Assessment of Chronic Stress (TICS) [89, 159]

48. Brief COPE [89] [63, 142]

49. Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) [63, 89, 122]

50. Response Style Questionnaire (RSQ) [89]

51. Skala Impulsives-Verhalten-8 (I-8) [89]

52. Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) [89]

53. Short Scale for Measuring General Self-efficacy Beliefs (ASKU) [89]

54. Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) [89]

55. Kala Internale-Externale-Kontrollüberzeugung (IE-4) [89]

56. The Help-seeking questionnaire [159]

57. Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-I) [159]

58. The Stanford Personal Health Questionnaire Depres-sion Scale11 (PHQ-8) [91, 161]

59. Ruminative Responses Scale13 (RRS) [161]

60. The Quality of Life Scale14 (QOLS) [161]

61. Maslach Burnout Inventory [71, 110, 114]

62. The Coping Strategies Inventory [71]

63. Social Readjustment Rating Scale-Revised [143]

64. GAD7 [72, 78, 90]

65. PHQ9 [72, 78, 90]

66. Linear Analogue Self-Assessment [LASA], resilience [90]

67. RS15 [90]

68. Perceived Competence Scale [90]

69. Academic motivation (the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire [90]

70. Profile of Mood States (POMS) [65]

71. Student Self- Efficacy Questionnaire [140]

72. Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) [140]

73. General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) [84]

74. Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) [96]) [178]

75. Coping checklist [97]

76. Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale [94, 169]

77. the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [169]

78. The Perceived Cohesion Scale [169]

79. Association of American Medical [169]

80. Colleges’ Graduation Questionnaire (GQ) [169]

81. Likert-type educational outcomes survey [91]

82. Empathy Construct Rating Scale (ECRS) [70]

83. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [70]

84. Index of Core Spiritual Experiences [70]

85. Yonki task [114]

86. The Mayer Solvey Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test [114]

87. General Well-Being Schedule (GWBS) [99]

88. CS compassion scale [174]

89. Mental Health Continuum - Short Form [110]

90. Self-harm Behaviour Questionnaire [110]

91. Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire [110]

92. Suicide Behaviours Questionnaire [110]

93. Life Satisfaction Questionnaire [110]

94. Compassion Scale pommier (CSP) [188]

95. Pemberton Happines Index (PHI) [188]

96. Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) [188, 194]

97. Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) [182, 188]

98. Situational Self-Awareness Scale (SSAS), [157]

99. Chronic Conditions Survey [171]

100. Medical Student Stress Questionnaire [165]

101. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-1 Form) [122, 123, 178, 180]

102. Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire [124]

103. Zung’s Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) [166]

104. Zung’s Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) [166]

105. The Somatic Self-rating Scale (SSS) [166]

106. The trait coping style questionnaire (TCSQ) [166]

107. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) [125]

108. Sleep Quality Scale (SQS)20; modified version of the UCLA LS-8 scale21 [125]

109. NIH patient reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) [178]