Fig. 3

Results of educational content analysis and application of Harm Reduction Education Spectrum (HRES) framework. (The discrete content topics included in the educational content of 19 distinct harm reduction curricula and how many times each of those topics arose across programs are presented un-bolded. These topics have been organized into the HRES framework which was developed by the authors with the themes identified during analysis to summarize the topics found during the scoping review. Content topics that were not explicitly reported by any programs but are additional topics that our authors believe should be included in a robust harm reduction education are presented in bold.)