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Table 2 Proportions of house and medical officers who reported self-confidence of 1 or 2 out of 5 points

From: The need for hands-on training and supervision for entry-level physicians in a country with low surgical staffing density: a nationwide survey in Ghana

Conditions or procedures

Confidence ≤ 2 points

Overall (n = 310)

Trained at teaching hospitals (n = 145)

Trained at regional/other-level hospitals (n = 165)

p-value (Teaching vs. regional/other-level hospitals)

Blood transfusion

18 (5.8%)

10 (6.9%)

8 (4.8%)

0.474

Anaemia

23 (7.4%)

12 (8.3%)

11 (6.7%)

0.666

Pre and postoperative care

33 (10.6%)

16 (11.0%)

17 (10.3%)

0.856

Application of Plaster of Paris

45 (14.5%)

25 (17.2%)

20 (12.1%)

0.258

Appendicitis

33 (10.6%)

16 (11.0%)

17 (10.3%)

0.856

Preparation for and test for fitness for surgery

49 (15.8%)

25 (17.2%)

24 (14.5%)

0.536

Wounds

41 (13.2%)

24 (16.6%)

17 (10.3%)

0.130

Fluid and electrolyte therapy

41 (13.2%)

22 (15.2%)

19 (11.5%)

0.402

Retention of urine, including BPH/prostate cancer and urethral stricture

48 (15.5%)

22 (15.2%)

26 (15.8%)

> 0.999

Surgical infections

38 (12.3%)

19 (13.1%)

19 (11.5%)

0.730

Intestinal obstruction

42 (13.5%)

21 (14.5%)

21 (12.7%)

0.740

Acute abdomen

39 (12.6%)

22 (15.2%)

17 (10.3%)

0.231

Fracture management

44 (14.2%)

22 (15.2%)

22 (13.3%)

0.745

The injured patient

43 (13.9%)

26 (17.9%)

17 (10.3%)

0.069

Inguinoscrotal hernia

49 (15.8%)

29 (20.0%)

20 (12.1%)

0.063

Shock

45 (14.5%)

24 (16.6%)

21 (12.7%)

0.419

Peptic ulcer disease and complications

52 (16.8%)

28 (19.3%)

24 (14.5%)

0.288

Diabetes and its complications

61 (19.7%)

37 (25.5%)

24 (14.5%)

0.021

Haematuria

64 (20.6%)

33 (22.8%)

31 (18.8%)

0.402

Gastrointestinal bleeding

67 (21.6%)

36 (24.8%)

31 (18.8%)

0.215

Head injuries

79 (25.5%)

47 (32.4%)

32 (19.4%)

0.009

Burns

81 (26.1%)

44 (30.3%)

37 (22.4%)

0.122

Typhoid

72 (23.2%)

32 (22.1%)

40 (24.2%)

0.687

Nutrition in surgery

74 (23.9%)

34 (23.4%)

40 (24.2%)

0.894

Acute renal failure

80 (25.8%)

38 (26.2%)

42 (25.5%)

0.897

Breast cancer

96 (31.0%)

42 (29.0%)

54 (32.7%)

0.538

Jaundice

102 (32.9%)

50 (34.5%)

52 (31.5%)

0.629

Hand infections

119 (38.4%)

69 (47.6%)

50 (30.3%)

0.002

Chest injuries

122 (39.4%)

60 (41.4%)

62 (37.6%)

0.560

Peripheral vascular disease

135 (43.5%)

65 (44.8%)

70 (42.4%)

0.731

Gastric cancer

151 (48.7%)

67 (46.2%)

84 (50.9%)

0.427

Portal hypertension

169 (54.5%)

74 (51.0%)

95 (57.6%)

0.256

Colorectal cancer

163 (52.6%)

80 (55.2%)

83 (50.3%)

0.426

Cancer chemotherapy/cancer therapy

175 (56.5%)

75 (51.7%)

100 (60.6%)

0.136

Liver tumours

195 (62.9%)

90 (62.1%)

105 (63.6%)

0.814

  1. Values are n (%)