Variable | Mean (SD) | Statistical test | P | Post-hoc Analysis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 3.78(0.82) | t = 0.13 | 0.896 | |
Female | 3.77 (0.68) | ||||
Grade | 1st year | 3.82 (0.74) | F = 1.213 | 0.304 | |
2nd year | 3.75 (0.75) | ||||
3rd year | 3.73 (0.73) | ||||
4th year | 3.70 (0.77) | ||||
5th year | 3.83 (0.41) | ||||
Network environment | Smooth | 3.77 (0.73) | F = 0.22 | 0.803 | |
General | 3.80 (0.79) | ||||
Unsmooth | 3.69 (1.13) | ||||
Variety of resources | 1.Abundant | 3.89 (0.86) | F = 7.993 | 0.000 | 1 > 2(p = 0.005) 1 > 3(p = 0.003) |
2.General | 3.73 (0.66) | ||||
3.Lacking | 3.67 (0.73) | ||||
Learning concentration | 1.Focused | 3.95 (0.89) | F = 13.424 | 0.000 | 1 > 2(p = 0.000) 1 > 3(p = 0.000) |
2.General | 3.73 (0.69) | ||||
3.Distracted | 3.69 (0.66) | ||||
Q&A discussion | 1.More use | 3.93 (0.80) | F = 19.881 | 0.000 | 1 > 2(p = 0.000) 1 > 3(p = 0.000) |
2.General | 3.60 (0.66) | ||||
3.Less use | 3.63 (0.74) | ||||
Teacher-student interaction | 1.Frequent | 3.95 (0.87) | F = 14.778 | 0.000 | 1 > 2(p = 0.000) 1 > 3(p = 0.001) |
2.General | 3.69 (0.67) | ||||
3.Seldom | 3.74 (0.69) | ||||
Student–student interaction | 1.Frequent | 3.95 (0.92) | F = 15.713 | 0.000 | 1 > 2(p = 0.000) 1 > 3(p = 0.000) |
2.General | 3.70 (0.66) | ||||
3.Seldom | 3.70 (0.63) | ||||
Academic atmosphere | 1.Good | 4.04 (0.90) | F = 25.941 | 0.000 | 1 > 2(p = 0.000) 1 > 3(p = 0.000) |
2.General | 3.70 (0.68) | ||||
3.Poor | 3.69 (0.65) |