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Table 2 Results of examination

From: Innovations in online classes introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic and their educational outcomes in Japan

Year

n

Test scores

Failure (%)

2018

113

70.1 ± 10.9

21 (18.6)

2019

113

72.7 ± 11.7

10 (8.8)

2020

106

71.9 ± 12.6

15 (14.2)

2021

106

78.5 ± 9.8*

4 (3.8) *

2022

112

75.8 ± 9.9*

5 (4.5) *

  1. Values are mean ± SD or n (%)
  2. *p < 0.05 vs 2018, 2019, and 2020
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