Table 2 Means and standard deviation of students’ responses to the Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire III (APSQ-III)
Factor Items | Mean | SD | % Of positive responses |
|---|---|---|---|
Patient safety training received | 4.92 | 1.365 | |
1- My training is preparing me to understand the causes of medical errors | 4.89 | 1.620 | 62.4 |
2- I have a good understanding of patient safety issues as a result of my undergraduate medical training. | 4.85 | 1.529 | 62.3 |
3- My training is preparing me to prevent medical errors | 5.03 | 1.603 | 67.8 |
Error reporting confidence | 4.89 | 1.466 | |
4- I would feel comfortable reporting any errors I had made, no matter how serious the outcome had been for the patient | 4.82 | 1.828 | 60.0 |
5- I would feel comfortable reporting any errors other people had made, no matter how serious the outcome had been for the patient. | 4.73 | 1.677 | 57.9 |
6- I am confident I could talk openly to my supervisor about an error I had made if it had resulted in potential or actual harm to my patient | 5.13 | 1.673 | 67.3 |
Working hours as error cause | 5.86 | 1.346 | |
7- Shorter shifts for doctors will reduce medical errors | 5.88 | 1.553 | 81.6 |
8- By not taking regular breaks during shifts doctors are at an increased risk of making errors | 5.86 | 1.538 | 83.0 |
9- The number of hours doctors work increases the likelihood of making medical errors | 5.85 | 1.508 | 82.5 |
Error inevitability | 5.17 | 1.133 | |
10- Even the most experienced and competent doctors make errors | 5.61 | 1.509 | 79.4 |
11- A true professional does not make mistakes or errors R | 4.99 | 1.737 | 63.8 |
12- Human error is inevitable | 4.91 | 1.577 | 60.8 |
Professional incompetence as error cause | 3.56 | 0.694 | |
13- Most medical errors result from careless nurses | 3.74 | 1.522 | 29.7 |
14- If people paid more attention at work, medical errors would be avoided R | 2.80 | 1.354 | 11.2 |
15- Most medical errors result from careless doctors R | 3.76 | 1.517 | 28.9 |
16- Medical errors are a sign of incompetence R | 3.95 | 1.477 | 32.1 |
Disclosure responsibility | 4.75 | 0.886 | |
17- It is not necessary to report errors which do not result in adverse outcomes for the patient R | 4.91 | 1.777 | 60.6 |
18- Doctors have a responsibility to disclose errors to patients only if they result in patient harm | 3.83 | 1.759 | 34.0 |
19- All medical errors should be reported | 5.52 | 1.626 | 75.0 |
Team functioning | 5.77 | 1.274 | |
20- Better multi-disciplinary teamwork will reduce medical errors | 5.72 | 1.387 | 82.0 |
21- Teaching teamwork skills will reduce medical errors | 5.82 | 1.373 | 85.6 |
Patient involvement in reducing error | 5.03 | 1.314 | |
22- Patients have an important role in preventing medical errors | 4.79 | 1.535 | 60.8 |
23- Encouraging patients to be more involved in their care can help to reduce the risk of medical errors occurring | 5.28 | 1.433 | 74.5 |
Importance of patient safety in the curriculum | 5.25 | 0.992 | |
24- Teaching students about patient safety should be an important priority in medical students training | 5.97 | 1.363 | 85.7 |
25- Patient safety issues cannot be taught and can only be learned by clinical experience when qualified R | 3.96 | 1.718 | 38.4 |
26- Learning about patient safety issues before I qualify will enable me to become a more effective doctor. | 5.81 | 1.383 | 83.4 |