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Table 3 Video quality and content, strengths, weaknesses, and suggestions for improvement

From: Hybridizing video-based learning with simulation for flipping the clinical skills learning at a university hospital in Pakistan

Video

Quotations

Quality

“The videos need to be more zoomed in to the point that they zoom in and focus on the very area being examined – so you can then see the actual technique and learn.” – FGD_1_Participant 2

“In some videos, the camera angle was not that good, and sound quality could also be improved.” – FGD_5_Participant 1

Content

“The video should match the actual in-person sessions. Because in the OSCE, I did something in the video and the facilitator pointed that it was wrong which was embarrassing because the faculty has told us to watch these videos.”

– FGD_4_Participant 4

Strengths

“What helped was that we first had to see the videos and then come to the sessions. By seeing the videos, we already had a checklist, and an idea of how to perform and then performing under supervision really solidified all the concepts and all the steps” – FGD_1_Participant 6

“Because a lot of us cannot watch long videos, so the short 20-minute videos helped us to not zone out.”– FDG_1_Particpant 1

“The video was good because I could watch it at x1.5 speed to revise which was time-efficient, and we came into the session having some baseline knowledge.” – FGD_5_Participant 4

Weaknesses

“One or two of the videos had a mistake– in which what we were taught in the session was different from the video. There needs to be a disclaimer to point out the wrong stuff if the videos cannot be remade.” – FGD_1_Participant 3

“The standard of videos - a lot of students use geeky medics, our videos were good, but I would still rather prefer to watch geeky Medics over the AKU videos simply because like they would say what we are examining and for what reason, with pictures sometimes of positive findings and that’s a more comprehensive experience in about the same time or even less time.” – FGD_2_Pariticpant 4

“Some of the video formats are informal. They are also not very easily accessible before the exams for review even though we were able to find and open them easily before the session. And VLE is a software that doesn’t work that well, so there is a lot of inertia associated with it.” – FGD_5_Participant 7

Improvements

“Quality of the video, add pathophysiology merged with the real time examinations happening at that time, and fixing and focusing on angle.”

– FGD_2_Participant 1

“The videos need to perform examinations within 5–6 min instead of 20. Because then we also don’t learn how to do examinations within that time.”

– FGD_3_Participant 5

“As an institution, we do have the facilities to make the audiovisual a lot better than it is – and it is a good financial investment too because the current videos looked like they were made in 2008. Also, the videos were very casual, so it would be better to add a script, and a slide in the beginning with the objectives” – FGD_5_Participant 5

  1. Acronyms: SP – Simulated Patient; VLE – Virtual learning environment, software; OSCE – Objective Structured Clinical Examination