Table 4 A revised model of clinician training elements in the new era

Basic clinical knowledge

A1 Relevant theoretical knowledge of basic medicine

A2 Theoretical knowledge of clinical medicine

A3 Integrate knowledge of basic medicine and clinical medicine

Interdisciplinary knowledge

A4 Theoretical knowledge of Chinese and Western medicine

A5 Theoretical knowledge of general medicine

A6 Disease prevention and health promotion course content

A7 New medical fields such as artificial intelligence, precision medicine, and translational medicine

A8 Professional knowledge of the cross-integration of medicine and science, liberal arts, engineering, and other disciplines

Clinical skill operation

B1 Take accurate medical history

B2 Comprehensively and systematically perform a physical examination

B3 Skillfully and properly conduct basic surgical operations

B4 Skillfully and properly conduct basic internal medicine operations

B5 Proficiency in basic operational diagnostic procedures

Public health knowledge

C2 Regularly participate in emergency drills for public health emergencies

C3 Be familiar with the responsibilities of medical staff in the ‘National Emergency Response Plan for Public Health Emergencies’

C4 Understand the ‘Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases’

C5 Be able to promote new theories, new technologies, new methods and health education for disease prevention and control

C6 Be able to use digital technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence to solve practical problems such as etiological detection, on-site investigation, and epidemic research and judgement

Technological innovation capability

D1 Learn clinical research design

D2 Basic experimental theory and technology training

D3 Study of epidemiology and statistical methodology

D4 Data collection and literature retrieval training

D5 Data processing method

D6 Article writing guidelines

D7 Guidelines for project application

D8 Guidelines for patent application

Lifelong learning needs

E1 Doctor-patient communication methods and skills

E2 Medical psychology and mental hygiene

E4 Medical related laws and regulations

E5 Hospital management knowledge/skills

E7 Healthcare knowledge for special populations

E8 Rehabilitation medicine related knowledge

E9 Community health service management

Medical humanistic literacy

F1 Be able to analyse the underlying causes of clinical manifestations from different perspectives

F2 Be able to respond quickly and accurately to the patient’s condition

F3 Ability to use correct physical examination techniques to obtain and identify various signs

F4 Sensitive attention to clinical phenomena and subtle changes

F5 When collecting patient data, different information can be automatically classified in the brain

F6 Strong clinical thinking

F7 Reasonable skills in communicating with the patient and the ability to accurately understand the patient

F8 The ability to translate medical questions you encounter in clinical practice into clear, specific, and answerable questions before implementing measures

F9 Ability to retrieve information and evidence using evidence-based medicine databases and the Internet

G1 Principles of optimising diagnosis and examination programmes

G2 Doctor-patient communication skills

International exchange vision

H1 English communication and expression

H2 World vision

H3 Understanding of cultural differences

H5 Knowledge of international rules and international etiquette

H6 Knowledge of international cutting-edge medical theories and technologies

H7 Knowledge of international politics, economics, and culture

H8 Intercultural communication competence