| Helps with the credentialing process at my hospital or institution | Helps me to advance professionally | Helps me to better compete with other providers such as NPs for clinical positions | Helps with my professional liability insurance | Provides no value to me as a PA | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI |
Age (less than 35 ref.) | ||||||||||
 35–44 | 0.91 | (0.82, 1.02) | 0.64* | (0.57, 0.71) | 0.79* | (0.71, 0.87) | 0.89* | (0.81, 0.99) | 1.27* | (1.10, 1.48) |
 45–54 | 1.05 | (0.92, 1.19) | 0.52* | (0.46, 0.59) | 0.70* | (0.62, 0.78) | 0.79* | (0.70, 0.88) | 1.48* | (1.27, 1.74) |
 55 +  | 0.96 | (0.83, 1.11) | 0.55* | (0.48, 0.63) | 0.61* | (0.53, 0.70) | 0.71* | (0.62, 0.81) | 1.71* | (1.44, 2.04) |
Gender (female ref.) | ||||||||||
 Male | 1.13* | (1.03, 1.25) | 1.05 | (0.96, 1.16) | 1.07 | (0.98, 1.17) | 0.94 | (0.86, 1.03) | 1.35* | (1.20, 1.52) |
Race (White ref.) | ||||||||||
 Asian | 1.05 | (0.86, 1.29) | 1.65* | (1.35, 2.03) | 1.43* | (1.19, 1.73) | 1.35* | (1.12, 1.63) | 1.53* | (1.22, 1.90) |
 Black/African American | 1.24 | (0.95, 1.62) | 1.41* | (1.11, 1.81) | 1.34* | (1.06, 1.71) | 0.89 | (0.70, 1.12) | 1.14 | (0.84, 1.52) |
 Other | 0.94 | (0.74, 1.20) | 1.01 | (0.80, 1.27) | 1.01 | (0.81, 1.27) | 1.19 | (0.95, 1.49) | 0.91 | (0.67, 1.23) |
Ethnicity (Non-Hispanic/Latino ref.) | ||||||||||
 Hispanic/Latino | 1.05 | (0.85, 1.30) | 1.17 | (0.96, 1.43) | 1.06 | (0.88, 1.29) | 1.09 | (0.90, 1.33) | 0.99 | (0.76, 1.28) |
Specialty (Primary Care ref.) | ||||||||||
 Surgery–Subspecialties | 1.39* | (1.21, 1.60) | 0.73* | (0.64, 0.83) | 0.82* | (0.72, 0.93) | 0.84* | (0.74, 0.95) | 1.35* | (1.14, 1.59) |
 Emergency Medicine | 1.62* | (1.37, 1.91) | 1.12 | (0.96, 1.30) | 1.23* | (1.07, 1.43) | 1.18* | (1.02, 1.36) | 1.09 | (0.90, 1.33) |
 Internal Medicine–Subspecialties | 1.37* | (1.16, 1.62) | 0.91 | (0.78, 1.07) | 0.96 | (0.82, 1.11) | 0.87 | (0.75, 1.01) | 1.18 | (0.96, 1.44) |
 Dermatology | 0.63* | (0.52, 0.76) | 0.68* | (0.56, 0.83) | 0.82* | (0.68, 1.00) | 0.90 | (0.75, 1.10) | 1.65* | (1.29, 2.10) |
 Surgery—General | 1.48* | (1.11, 1.99) | 0.75* | (0.58, 0.97) | 0.89 | (0.69, 1.15) | 0.67* | (0.52, 0.87) | 1.07 | (0.74, 1.50) |
 Hospital Medicine | 1.51* | (1.12, 2.07) | 1.22 | (0.92, 1.63) | 0.92 | (0.71, 1.21) | 0.82 | (0.63, 1.07) | 1.34 | (0.94, 1.87) |
 Pain Medicine | 0.82 | (0.61, 1.13) | 0.78 | (0.58, 1.06) | 0.85 | (0.63, 1.14) | 0.89 | (0.66, 1.19) | 1.31 | (0.88, 1.89) |
 Psychiatry | 0.85 | (0.62, 1.18) | 0.64* | (0.47, 0.87) | 0.84 | (0.62, 1.14) | 1.00 | (0.74, 1.36) | 1.48* | (1.00, 2.14) |
 Occupational Medicine | 0.93 | (0.67, 1.31) | 1.02 | (0.73, 1.42) | 0.91 | (0.66, 1.26) | 0.68* | (0.49, 0.94) | 1.10 | (0.71, 1.64) |
 Obstetrics and Gynecology | 1.03 | (0.72, 1.50) | 0.80 | (0.56, 1.13) | 0.72 | (0.51, 1.01) | 1.02 | (0.72, 1.44) | 1.48 | (0.94, 2.27) |
 Pediatrics-Subspecialties | 1.58* | (1.06, 2.43) | 0.79 | (0.55, 1.14) | 0.97 | (0.68, 1.39) | 0.80 | (0.56, 1.14) | 0.82 | (0.45, 1.38) |
 Critical Care Medicine | 0.86 | (0.58, 1.29) | 1.05 | (0.70, 1.59) | 1.18 | (0.80, 1.76) | 0.80 | (0.54, 1.17) | 1.55 | (0.94, 2.46) |
 Other | 0.88 | (0.77, 1.00) | 0.78* | (0.68, 0.88) | 0.85* | (0.75, 0.96) | 0.73* | (0.64, 0.83) | 1.04 | (0.88, 1.23) |