Table 1 The flipped classroom teaching scheme based on the CDIO concept

Conceive

1.Master professional knowledge

2.Cultivate independent learning ability

1.Before the training, teachers conceived perioperative period cases of orthopedic. The relevant knowledge and skills, key points, and difficult points involved in the cases, and related micro-lecture videos were distributed to nursing students through the network platform.

2. Nursing students independently consulted the literature according to case problems and difficult points.

1.Theoretical examination

2. Class report

3.Self-directed learning ability assessment

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Design

1. Cultivate professional systems thinking

2. Enhance communication and teamwork skills

3. Enhance critical thinking skills

1. Nursing students were free to form unit groups. They found theoretical basis or materials for solving case problems in their spare time during practice. Teachers guided nursing students in designing specific scenarios for scenario simulation.

2.Discussed in groups and improved the specific plan of perioperative care.

4

Implement

1. Exercise basic skills of specialist practice

2. Cultivate the spirit of humanistic care

3. Exercise emergency and coordination skills

1.Nursing students reported cases in groups according to the relatively well-conceived and designed nursing plan. After the report was over, other group members and teachers discussed and commented on the report group to further improve the nursing plan.

2.The group leader led the group members to simulate the overall nursing process, and the teacher guided the nursing students to deepen their understanding and mastery of theoretical knowledge in the process of simulated practice.

1.Project mutual evaluation and comment

2.Operational assessment

3.Assessment of critical thinking skills

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Operate

1. Establish correct professional responsibilities and values

2. Develop the ability to discover and solve problems

1.Nursing students conducted relevant professional theoretical assessments after the actual operation of the practical project.

2. At the end of the assessment, teachers made comments and summaries.

1.Clinical practice ability assessment

2.Satisfaction evaluation

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