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Table 2 Categorization of SAR guidelines based on stages and phases of assessment

From: The framework of Systematic Assessment for Resilience (SAR): development and validation

Stage of assessment

Classified guidelines to enhance resilience

Pre-Assessment “Anticipation and Preparation:

Assessment direction: Improving candidate's knowledge of the assessment scope and process

1. Share of assessment mapping whenever applicable

2. Sharing of assessment rubric in modalities whenever applicable

3. Briefing on the overall assessment coverage

4. Establish a briefing session before exam

5. Familiarize students with assessment methods

Assessment preparation: Improving candidates cognitive, mental, and psychomotor preparedness to maximize assessment performance

6. Advice students about study skills

7. Advice students about time management [80,81,82,83]

8. Direct students for good material for revision

9. Advice students on exam skills

10. Brief students about the grading system

11. Provide guidelines for students to reduce test anxiety

12. Provide self-care guidelines to students before assessment

Increase assessment experience: Enriching the formative component of the assessment

13. Increase frequency of formative assessment

14. Increase continuous assessment

15. Encourage to have targeted mock exams

16. Promote/encourage collaborative assessment

17. Promote open book exam

18. Use peer assessment

19. Introduce progress testing

Intra-assessment

Examiner focus: Improving examiner behavior to maximize candidate performance reduce candidate anxiety

20. Establish non-threatening environment during exam: smiling face, welcoming, professional behavior, rapport, sense of humor [84,85,86,87,88]

Post-Assessment Reflection and feedback

Student reflection: promote student’s reflection

21. Add free space in the written assessment to get students feedback

22. Add free space in the written assessment to write self-reflection

23. Increase feedback by examiner

24. Sharing the key answer if applicable