Table 2 The ranking of the haptic parameters was done under subjective conditions rated by a selected group of surgeons and technicians: porcine stomach serves as reference. The most similar model for the respective parameter is marked with a *. Altogether, silicone model A is the most similar model to porcine stomach regarding haptic parameters
From: A mechanically validated open-source silicone model for the training of gastric perforation sewing
|  | Overall structure (Fig. 5a) | Stiffness in transverse direction (flexibility) (Fig. 5b) | Stiffness in longitudinal direction (Fig. 5c) | Subjective force needed to cut (Fig. 5d) | Subjective force needed to penetrate (Fig. 5e) | Durability against tearing of the thread (Fig. 5f) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Porcine stomach (reference) | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
Silicone model A | 2* | 3 | 2 | 3* | 3* | 3* |
Silicone model B | 4 | 4 | 3* | 4 | 4 | 1 |
Silicone model C | 3 | 2* | 1 | 1* | 1* | 2 |