Table 5 Mean score of each DREEM statement that had a negative interpretation (< 2.00) at each university
Items according to their subscales | Damascus University (n = 941) | University of Aleppo (n = 533) | Tishreen University (n = 300) |
|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |
Students’ perception of learning | |||
1. I am encouraged to participate in class | 1.77 ± 1.3 | 1.90 ± 1.2 | 1.77 ± 1.3 |
13. The teaching is student centered | 1.44 ± 1.3 | 1.48 ± 1.3 | 1.33 ± 1.3 |
16. The teaching helps to develop my competence | 1.43 ± 1.2 | 1.25 ± 1.3 | 1.17 ± 1.3 |
22. The teaching helps to develop my confidence | 1.56 ± 1.3 | 1.53 ± 1.4 | 1.35 ± 1.3 |
24. The teaching time is utilized properly | 1.83 ± 1.3 | 1.97 ± 1.4 | 1.75 ± 1.4 |
25. The teaching over emphasizes factual learning* | 1.60 ± 1.2 | 1.56 ± 1.2 | 1.67 ± 1.3 |
38. I am clear about the learning objectives of the courses | 1.99 ± 1.3 | - | - |
44. The teaching encourages me to be an active learner | 1.62 ± 1.3 | 1.83 ± 1.4 | 1.48 ± 1.4 |
47. Long term learning is emphasized over short-term learning | 1.73 ± 1.3 | - | 1.63 ± 1.4 |
48. The teaching is too teacher centered | 1.79 ± 1.3 | 1.76 ± 1.2 | 1.70 ± 1.3 |
Students’ perception of teachers | |||
9. The teachers are authoritarian* | 1.82 ± 1.3 | 1.54 ± 1.4 | 1.78 ± 1.4 |
32. The teachers provide constructive criticism | - | - | 1.89 ± 1.4 |
Students’ academic self-perception | |||
5. Learning strategies which worked for me before continue to work even now | 1.92 ± 1.4 | 1.72 ± 1.4 | 1.79 ± 1.4 |
21. I feel I am being well prepared for my profession | 1.38 ± 1.2 | 1.40 ± 1.3 | 1.42 ± 1.3 |
26. Last year’s work has been a good preparation for this year’s work | 1.88 ± 1.3 | 1.91 ± 1.2 | 1.89 ± 1.3 |
27. I am able to memorize all I need | 1.80 ± 1.3 | 1.65 ± 1.3 | 1.64 ± 1.4 |
45. Much of what I have to learn seems relevant to a career in healthcare | - | 1.98 ± 1.4 | - |
Students’ perception of the atmosphere | |||
11. The atmosphere is relaxed during the clinical teaching | 1.71 ± 1.2 | 1.66 ± 1.1 | 1.78 ± 1.2 |
12. This school is well timetabled | 1.47 ± 1.4 | 1.92 ± 1.4 | 1.72 ± 1.4 |
17. Cheating is a problem in the school* | - | - | 1.61 ± 1.4 |
23. The atmosphere is relaxed during lectures | 1.71 ± 1.3 | 1.82 ± 1.3 | 1.68 ± 1.3 |
30. There are opportunities for me to develop interpersonal skills | 1.87 ± 1.3 | 1.86 ± 1.3 | 1.91 ± 1.4 |
34. The atmosphere is relaxed during seminars/tutorials | 1.95 ± 1.2 | - | 1.86 ± 1.3 |
42. The enjoyment outweighs the stress of the courses | 1.33 ± 1.3 | 1.43 ± 1.4 | 1.40 ± 1.4 |
43. The atmosphere motivates me as a learner | 1.56 ± 1.3 | 1.82 ± 1.4 | 1.63 ± 1.5 |
49. I feel I am able to ask the questions I want | 1.93 ± 1.3 | 1.80 ± 1.3 | 1.96 ± 1.4 |
Students’ social self-perception | |||
3. There is a good support system for students who get stressed | 0.60 ± 0.9 | 0.63 ± 0.9 | 0.68 ± 1.0 |
4. I am too tired to enjoy the courses* | 1.31 ± 1.4 | 1.33 ± 1.3 | 1.07 ± 1.2 |
14. I am rarely bored on the courses | 1.12 ± 1.3 | 1.02 ± 1.2 | 1.33 ± 1.4 |
46. My accommodation in the school is pleasant | 1.28 ± 1.1 | 1.66 ± 1.1 | 1.44 ± 1.1 |