Skip to main content

Table 4 Difference between groups

From: A cohort study for the development and validation of a reflective inventory to quantify diagnostic reasoning skills in optometry practice

Category

Maximum possible score

Means (± SDs)

Mean difference (upper and lower bounds, 95% CI)

Independent sample t-test t(df)

Experts (n = 32)

Novice (n = 39)

Total DTI-OS

72

55.88(± 6.89)

41.51 (± 6.34)

14.36 (11.22–17.50)

9.12 (69)*

SM DTI-OS

36

28.43 (± 3.67)

21.51 (± 4.01)

6.92 (5.08–8.76)

7.52 (69)*

FT DTI-OS

36

27.44 (± 3.67)

20.00 (± 3.09)

7.43 (5.72–9.15)

8.64 (69)*

Total DTI-O

246

182.34 (± 20.39)

155.62 (± 12.70)

26.72 (18.82–34.63)

6.75(69)*

SM DTI-O

120

90.75 (± 9.22)

76.45 (± 7.94)

10.90 (7.64–14.15)

6.71(69)*

FT DTI-O

126

91.59 (± 12.37)

79.13 (± 7.18)

7.50 (3.62–11.37)

4.45(69)*

  1. *Significant at P < .001
  2. Abbreviations: DTI-O Diagnostic Thinking Inventory for Optometry, FT flexibility in thinking, SM structured memory, DTI-OS Diagnostic Thinking Inventory for Optometry Short