Exploring culinary medicine as a promising method of nutritional education in medical school: a scoping review

BMC Medical Education

Table 3 Qualitative study appraisal

Criterion	Dreibelbis & George, 2017	Ring et al., 2019	Pang et al., 2019	Hennrikus et al., 2020	Rothman et al., 2020	Lieffers et al., 2021	Poulton & Antono, 2021	Hashimi et al., 2020	Kaye et al., 2018
Was there a clear statement of the aims of the research?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No ^a	Yes	No ^a	Yes	Yes
Is a qualitative methodology appropriate?	Can't Tell ^b	No ^c/d	Yes	Can’t Tell ^b	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Worth Continuing?	Yes	No ^c/d	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Was the research design appropriate to address the aims of the research?	No ^a	No ^c/d	Yes	Yes	No ^e	No ^a	Can’t Tell ^a	No ^c/f	Yes
Was the recruitment strategy appropriate to the aims of the research?	No ^a	No ^d	No ^c	Yes	Yes	No ^a	Can’t Tell ^a	No ^a/d	Yes
Was the data collected in a way that addressed the research issue?	Can't Tell ^a/b	Yes	Yes	Can't Tell ^b	No ^g	Can’t Tell ^a	Yes	Can’t Tell ^c	Yes
Has the relationship between researcher and participants been adequately considered?	No ^a/f	No ^a	No ^a	No ^a	No ^a	No ^a	Can’t Tell ^a	Can’t Tell ^a	No ^a
Have ethical issues been taken into consideration?	Can't Tell ^a	No ^a	No ^a	No ^a	No ^a	Can’t Tell ^a	Can’t Tell ^a	No ^f/a	Yes
Was the data analysis sufficiently rigorous?	No ^a/b/f/g	No	No ^b/f	No ^b/f	Can't Tell ^g	No ^g	Can’t Tell ^f	No ^f/a	No ^f
Is there a clear statement of findings?	No ^g	Yes	No ^f	Yes	Yes	No ^g	No ^f/g	Yes	No ^a
Uncertainty Score	13	12	10	8	11	7	9	10	6

Reasons: ^aNot reported, ^bSelection bias/Convenience sampling/Elective course, ^cPoorly designed surveys, ^dInadequate controlling for multiple confounders, ^eHigh attrition rate, ^fNot performed, ^gPoor overall quality of study, ^hLow sample size

ISSN: 1472-6920