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Table 3 Evaluation of the video

From: Using virtual reality in lumbar puncture training improves students learning experience

 

All subjects (n = 168)

COHORT 1

Medical students (n = 108)

COHORT 2

Residents and attendings (n = 60)

Mann Withney

U

Two samples

Z-test

P-value*

Satisfaction level (rated 0 to 5)

M = 4.7 (SD ± 0.6)

Med = 5.0 (IQR = 5–5)

Mode = 5

M = 4.8 (SD ± 0.5)

Med = 5.0 (IQR = 5–5)

Mode = 5

M = 4.5 (SD ± 0.7)

Med = 5.0 (IQR = 4–5)

Mode = 5

2598

−2.336

0.0037

Rated interest of VR in addition to simulation (rated 0 to 5)

M = 4.1 (SD ± 1.0)

Med = 4.0 (IQR = 4–5)

Mode = 5

M = 4.2 (SD ± 0.9)

Med = 4.5 (IQR = 4–5)

Mode = 4

M = 3.9 (SD = 0.9)

Med = 4.0 (IQR = 3–5)

Mode = 5

2641

−1.971

0.0338

Rated interest of VR to 2D video (rated 0 to 5)

M = 3.9 (SD ± 1.1)

Med = 4.0 (IQR = 3–4)

Mode = 4

M = 4.0 (SD ± 1.0)

Med = 4.0 (IQR = 4–5)

Mode = 4

M = 3.7 (SD ± 1.2)

Med = 4.0 (IQR = 3–5)

Mode = 4

2727

−1.952

0.0733

Rated interest of extension of VR for other procedures (rated 0 to 5)

M = 4.4 (SD = 0.9)

Med = 5.0 (IQR = 4–5)

Mode = 5

M = 4.5 (SD ± 0.9)

Med = 5.0 (IQR = 4–5) Mode = 5

M = 4.4 (SD ± 0.9)

Med = 5.0 (IQR = 4–5)

Mode = 5

3066

−0.437

0.4956

Interested in having the video in open-access, n (%)

122 (73%)

91 (84%)

33 (55%)

< 0.0001#

  1. Data is presented as mean M (±SD), median Med (IQR) and mode, or n, number of subjects (%). All parameters were assessed on a 5-point scale (0, no interest, utility or satisfaction to 5, high interest, utility or satisfaction)
  2. * LP-naïve medical students versus attending and residents group with prior LP experience, using Mann-Whitney test and Z-test
  3. #Proportions of participants interested in having the video in open-access were compared using chi-squared
  4. Abbreviations: IQR Interquartile range, LP Lumbar puncture, M Mean, Med Median, n Number of subjects, SD Standard deviation, VR Virtual reality