Table 4 Interventions to stimulate the affecting factors positively
Factors | Intervention | References |
|---|---|---|
Student characteristics | ||
Self-regulated learning skills (1a) | -Encourage class attendance and participation -Provide possibilities to support the development of self-regulated learning skills, such as prompts or feedback -Provide the students structure by organizing the learning process into stages and by giving a guideline -Use a detailed rubric to show students their progress and how they can develop -Give a small proportion of the course grade to formative assessment to show that you value it -Manage the working load of students by making homework optional -Be adaptive and provide just-in-time interventions | [8, 10, 13, 34, 36, 43, 47, 48, 52, 64, 68, 69, 74, 79, 84, 96, 98] |
Learning attitude (1c) | -Create a performance-approach environment -Make videos more engaging by creating an interactive authentic environment -Consider the preview of learning materials, interaction with peers, teacher facilitation, and classroom participation -Make the curriculum relevant for students -Make use of simulation | |
Implementation (2) | -Make use of existing materials -Pay as much attention to grades as to student perception -Realize that different learning and teaching approaches are needed in the flipped classroom -Address expectations -Integrate active learning methodologies into a large number of subjects -Use the flipped classroom at least 3 weeks -Implement the flipped classroom gradually -Provide sufficient support | |
Task characteristics (3) | -Include in-and out-of-class problem solving activities | [90] |
Out-of-class activities (4) | -Instruct students to work together with peers -Structure the goals, learning methods, and assessment -Make use of e-learning, quizzes, learning management systems, gamification, digital workbooks, online micro lectures, and mobile-based learning -Let students produce their own materials -Online materials should always be available -Take care adding text information on videos -Include authentic assessment to assess the acquired knowledge | |
In-class activities (5) | -Make use of group management -Structure the goals, teaching methods, and assessment -Make use of a partially flipped classroom -Consider the importance of student satisfaction for the scheduling -Review key concepts at the beginning of class -Create opportunities for dialogue | |
Teacher characteristics (6) | -Pay attention to relevant dimensions of flipped classroom in teacher training | [40] |