Table 3 Knowledge regarding common clinical features of breast cancer (n = 301)

Feeling a mass in the breast

No

N (%)

3 (1.0)

1 (0.8)

2 (1.1)

Yes

N (%)

298 (99.0)

121 (99.2)

177 (98.9)

Feeling a mass in the armpit

No

N (%)

24 (8.0)

6 (4.9)

18 (10.1)

Yes

N (%)

277 (92.0)

116 (95.1)

161 (89.9)

Changes in pigmentation

No

N (%)

37 (12.3)

16 (13.1)

21 (11.7)

Yes

N (%)

264 (87.7)

106 (86.9)

158 (88.3)

Nipple discharge (other than breast milk)

No

N (%)

26 (8.6)

7 (5.7)

19 (10.6)

Yes

N (%)

275 (91.4)

115 (94.3)

160 (89.4)

Nipple retraction (turning inward)

No

N (%)

33 (11.0)

11 (9.0)

22 (12.3)

Yes

N (%)

268 (89.0)

111 (91.0)

157 (87.7)

Change in nipple position

No

N (%)

76 (25.2)

25 (20.7)

51 (28.5)

Yes

N (%)

224 (74.4)

96 (79.3)

128 (71.5)

Change in breast symmetry

No

N (%)

27 (9.0)

12 (9.8)

15 (8.4)

Yes

N (%)

274 (91.0)

110 (90.2)

164 (91.6)

Ulcers

No

N (%)

86 (28.6)

27 (22.1)

59 (33.0)

Yes

N (%)

215 (71.4)

95 (77.9)

120 (67.0)

Scaling or thickening of the nipple or breast skin

No

N (%)

85 (28.2)

32 (26.2)

53 (29.6)

Yes

N (%)

216 (71.8)

90 (73.8)

126 (70.4)

Redness of the nipple or breast skin.

No

N (%)

104 (34.6)

38 (31.1)

66 (36.9)

Yes

N (%)

197 (65.4)

84 (68.9)

113(68.9)

Skin rash on the breast

No

N (%)

183 (60.8)

75 (61.5)

108 (60.3)

Yes

N (%)

118 (39.2)

47 (38.5)

71 (39.7)

Pain in the armpit

No

N (%)

101 (33.6)

30 (24.6)

71 (39.7)

Yes

N (%)

200 (66.4)

92 (75.4)

108 (60.3)

Nipple or breast pain

No

N (%)

75 (24.9)

24 (19.7)

51(28.5)

Yes

N (%)

226 (75.1)

98 (80.3)

128 (71.5)