Table 2 Possible explanations of the high rate of non-compliance with recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic
Theory or model | Construct | Hypothesisa |
|---|---|---|
HBM | Perceived susceptibility | People do not perceive themselves susceptible to the COVID-19 and its harmful consequences. |
HBM | Perceived severity | People do not believe in the severity of the condition or the extent of harm form the COVID-19. |
HBM | Cues to action | People are not faced with proper triggers (whether internal or external) to accept the recommendations about the COVID-19. |
TPB | Behavioral intention | People have not seriously considered the COVID-19 yet and do not have a serious plan to follow the recommendations. |
TPB | Attitude towards the behavior | People do not appreciate the value of following the recommendations about the COVID-19. |
TPB | Subjective norm | People believe that the significant others in their lives will not support their performance to comply with the COVID-19 recommendations. |
TPB | Outcome evaluations | People underestimate the value of the consequences of following the recommendations with the COVID-19. |
SCT | Outcome expectancies | |
SCT | Self-efficacy in overcoming impediments | People are not confident enough that they can overcome barriers when following the recommendations with the COVID-19. |
SCT | Knowledge | People have not learnt adequate facts and have not gained enough insights about following the recommendations with the COVID-19. |