Table 1 Rating rubric suggested by Smith et al. (0 = None, 1 = Some, 2 = Appropriate) [5] and additional category “patient name”

Use of semantic qualifiers

0, 1, or 2

Use of qualitative terms (e.g. “acute”, “unilateral”, “severe”)

Appropriate narrowing of differential diagnosis

0, 1, or 2

Including key features to narrow the differential diagnosis

Transformation of information

0, 1, or 2

Use of medical terminology (e.g. “Fever” instead of Temperature: 39.4 °C”

Factual accuracy

0 (No), 1(Yes)

Only accurate information included

Patient name

0 (No), 1 (Yes)

The (virtual) patient is addressed by name and not called “the patient”.

Global rating

0, 1, or 2

Overall rating