Table 3 Roles of team members that contribute to its process and function (adapted from Belbin, 1991) [19]

Plant: the ‘ideas’ person

Thoughtful and creative, but may lack communication skills, and attention to required detail.

Co-ordinator: the ‘chairperson’

Co-ordinates the work, rather than undertaking the work. Involves all team-members, and mediates discussion.

Monitor evaluator: the ‘critic’

Objectively evaluates everything, and may be perceived as negative.

Implementer: the ‘doer’

A reliable worker who puts the ideas into action, although they may lack flexibility.

Completer finisher: the ‘details’ person

Is conscientious in completing the job, and pays attention to detail.

Resource investigator: the ‘networker’

Sources information and resources, acts as the group’s ‘ambassador’, although enthusiasm may fade during the project.

Shaper: the ‘driver’

Keeps the project moving, enjoys the action, but can upset others as they push through the ideas.

Teamworker: the ‘peacemaker’

Assists with diplomacy and helps keep the team working effectively, although they can be indecisive.

Specialist: the ‘expert’

Provides expert knowledge, although their input may be restricted to their own specialised area.