Table 2 Summary of the Assessment Criteria used in the Studies Included in this Review

LeBlanc et al., 2003 [16]

Two instructors through conventional means

No

Not present

Quinn et al., 2003 [17]

Two independent scorers through conventional means

No

Yes, but not clear

Quinn et al., 2003 [18]

Two instructors through conventional means

No

Yes, but not clear

Jasinevicius et al., 2004 [19]

Two authors through conventional means

Yes

Yes, but not clear

Wierinck et al., 2005 [20]

The DentSim system without feedback mode

N/A

Yes, but not clear

Wierinck et al., 2006 [21]

The DentSim system without feedback mode

N/A

Yes, but not clear

Wierinck et al. 2006 [22]

The DentSim system without feedback mode

N/A

Yes, but not clear

Urbankova, 2010 [23]

Two instructors through conventional means

Yes

Yes, but not clear

Suebnukarn et al., 2011 [24]

One qualified instructor through conventional means

N/A

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Kikuchi et al., 2013 [25]

The DentSim system without feedback mode

N/A

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Gratton et al., 2016 [26]

Three instructors through conventional means and E4D Compare software

Yes

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Tiu et al., 2016 [27]

Preppr scanner software

N/A

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Llena et al., 2017 [28]

One instructor through conventional means

N/A

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Liu et al., 2018 [29]

Two instructors through conventional means

Yes

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Nagy et al., 2018 [30]

The KaVo Dental Teacher software

N/A

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Sadid-Zadeh et al., 2018 [7]

Two instructors through conventional means

Yes

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Wolgin et al., 2018 [31]

Three experienced assessors through conventional means and prepCheck application

Yes

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Mladenovic et al., 2019 [32]

Unclear of how time was measured

N/A

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria

Murbay et al., 2020 [33]

Three instructors through conventional means and 2 Shape Trios scanner

Yes

Yes, a well-defined grading rubric with criteria