Factors | Score range (Min.-Max.) | Medical students | Nursing students | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control group (n = 10) | Intervention group (n = 9) | Control group (n = 9) | Intervention group (n = 10) | ||||||
Pre-activity | Post-activity | Pre-activity | Post-activity | Pre-activity | Post-activity | Pre-activity | Post-activity | ||
Shared education and team work | 7–28 | 21.2 ± 1.5 | 24.7 ± 1.7** | 20.8 ± 1.9 | 24.9 ± 1.9** | 21.1 ± 2.0 | 24.6 ± 1.7** | 20.8 ± 1.6 | 25.2 ± 2.3** |
Caring vs. curing | 3–12 | 8.9 ± 1.1 | 10.6 ± 1.1** | 8.9 ± 0.9 | 11.4 ± 1.3** | 9.0 ± 1.4 | 11.1 ± 1.2** | 8.8 ± 1.5 | 10.7 ± 1.1** |
Nurse’s autonomy | 3–12 | 6.0 ± 2.4 | 7.2 ± 3.0 | 5.7 ± 1.9 | 9.3 ± 2.4**# | 6.4 ± 1.7 | 8.0 ± 1.7* | 6.1 ± 2.0 | 9.3 ± 2.3**# |
Physician’s dominance | 2–8 | 3.6 ± 1.5 | 4.1 ± 2.0 | 3.9 ± 1.5 | 6.0 ± 1.9**# | 4.6 ± 2.1 | 4.0 ± 1.1 | 4.7 ± 2.3 | 7.2 ± 1.3**# |
Total scores | 15–60 | 39.7 ± 4.0 | 46.6 ± 4.8** | 39.3 ± 3.1 | 51.7 ± 4.4**# | 41.1 ± 2.2 | 47.7 ± 1.9** | 40.4 ± 3.0 | 52.4 ± 3.4**# |