Table 2 Methodological Quality of Included Studies
From: Leadership training programs in graduate medical education: a systematic review
Study | Study Designa | Sampling: Institutionsb | Sampling: Response Ratec | Type of Datad | Validity: Internal structuree | Validity: Contentf | Validity: Relationship to other variablesg | Data analysis: Sophisticationh | Data analysis: Appropriatei | Outcomej | MERSQI Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whitman, 1988 [13] | 1 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1.5 | 8.5 |
Doughty et al., 1991 [14] | 1 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
Mygdal et al., 1991 [15] | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Evans et al., 1997 [16] | 1 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
Lee, Tse and Naguwa, 2004 [18] | 1.5 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7.5 |
Stoller, et al., 2004 [19] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
Crites and Schuster, 2004 [17] | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Hemer et al., 2007 [20] | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Stergiopoulos et al., 2009 [21] | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Kuo et al., 2010 [23] | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
Pettit et al., 2011 [22] | 2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
Brandon and Mullan, 2013 [24] | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
Cole, et al., 2017 [25] | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
Itri, et al., 2017 [26] | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
Hill, et al., 2018 [27] | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |