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Table 2 Mean scores/differences on CSAS between two medical schools in last year of the curriculum

From: Have medical students’ attitudes towards clinical communication skills changed over a 12- year period? A comparative long-term study

Survey year

2003

2015

Difference between schools

School

Integrated school (N = 46)

Traditional school (N = 94)

Integrated school (N = 88)

Traditional school (N = 81)

2003

2015

CSAS - mean

4.39 (.52)

4.13 (.63)

4.62 (.47)#

4.33 (.66)§

F = 5.60*

d = .46

F = 12.75***

d = .53

Gender-wise

CSAS

♀ 4.47 (.36)

(N = 24)

♂ 4.30 (.65)

(N = 22)

F = 1.28 n.s.

♀ 4.16 (.58)

(N = 54)

♂ 4.09 (.71)

(N = 40)

F = .32 n.s.

♀ 4.69 (.41)

(N = 67)#

♂ 4.42 (.60)

(N = 21)

F = 5.50*

d = .54

♀ 4.39 (.54)

(N = 56)§

♂ 4.19 (.71)

(N = 25)

F = 1.20 n.s.

F = 5.78*

d = .66

F = 1.29 n.s.

F = 12.20**

d = .63

F = 1.34 n.s.

  1. * = p < .05, ** = p < .01, *** = p < .001. # < .05 within the Integrated school from 2003 to 2015. § < .05 within the Traditional school from 2003 to 2015. d = Cohen’s d
  2. The bottom F-values indicate gender differences within schools