Table 2 Differences in mental effort by learning conditions
From: Active learning through discussion: ICAP framework for education in health professions
Variables | Study conditions (n = 108) | ||||
Lecture (n = 50) | Self-study (n = 58) | F | η2p | P-value | |
 M1 | 33.80 (24.19) | 46.32 (25.21) | 6.984 | 0.063 | 0.009 |
 M2 | 46.20 (31.01) | 53.16 (29.89) | 1.505 | 0.014 | 0.223 |
 M3 | 72.70 (23.11) | 62.63 (28.40) | 3.594 | 0.034 | 0.061 |
Variables |  | Question conditions (n = 108) |  | ||
Summary (n = 55) | Question (n = 53) | F | η2p | P-value | |
 M1 | 43.49 (24.82) | 37.50 (25.84) | 1.212 | 0.274 | 0.274 |
 M2 | 47.55 (28.53) | 52.22 (32.37) | 0.428 | 0.515 | 0.515 |
 M3 | 69.53 (25.33) | 65.19 (27.52) | 0.673 | 0.414 | 0.414 |