Increased average number of medical publications per interviewee from 2009 to 2018: a study of 100 interviewees to an academic gastroenterology fellowship program

Table 1 Comparison of distribution of parameters for interviewees for GI fellowship: 2009–2011 vs. 2016–2018 using parametric statistical analysis

Categorical variables	Number (%) with parameter 2009–2011 (Total N = 48)	Number (%) with parameter 2016–2018 (Total N = 52)	P-value
Male (vs. Female Sex)	34 (70.8%)	44 (84.6%)	0.146
Foreign medical graduates (vs. American medical graduates)	21 (43.8%)	26 (50%)	0.554
MD graduates (vs. DO graduates)	48 (100%)	46 (88.5%)	0.027
Applied as chief resident (vs. no chief residency)	2 (4.2%)	7 (13.5%)	0.163
Medical school affiliated residency program (vs. non-affiliated residency program)	45 (93.8%)	45 (86.5%)	0.322
Residency program in Midwest (vs. elsewhere in United States)	31 (64.6%)	27 (51.9%)	0.228
U.S. Citizen or legal permanent resident (vs. foreign citizenship)	29 (60.4%)	35 (67.3%)	0.535
Mean recommendation score (evaluated semi-quantitatively, see Methods)^a Mean USMLE Step 1 score	86.96 ± 1.461 235.4 ± 14.1	85.1 ± 0.64 244.9 ± 13.5	<.0001* 0.001*
Mean USMLE Step 2 CK score	244.9 ± 16.7	250.8 ± 15.2	0.069*
Mean of averaged combined USMLE Step 1 & 2 scores^b	240.1 ± 14.3	246.9 ± 13.7	0.036*
Mean number of abstracts (at national meetings)	1.69 ± 0.37	7.54 ± 1.16	< 0.0001*
Mean number of articles (listed in PubMed)	1.48 ± 0.30	6.13 ± 1.29	0.001*
Mean number of total publications	3.17 + 0.48	12.76 + 1.99	< 0.0001*

N Number, MD Medical doctor, DO Doctor of osteopathy, S.D. Standard deviation, USMLE United States Medical Licensing Examination, CK Clinical Knowledge
^aThree individuals had missing recommendation scores (see Methods)
^bMean of (step-1 score + step-2 score)/2
*Utilizing independent t-tests assuming unequal variances

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