Table 2 Specific pain content that participants teach in subjects

Multidimensional nature of pain (13.09)

(23.9)

(7.2)

(16)

(18.7)

(4.5)

(6.7)

(17.9)

(17.7)

(5.2)

Epidemiology of pain

4 (10.3)

1 (2.9)

10 (7.4)

11 (9.4)

0 (0)

0 (0)

7 (7.1)

1 (6.3)

1 (1)

Pain theories

5 (12.8)

1 (2.9)

7 (5.1)

8 (6.8)

0 (0)

0 (0)

8 (8.2)

2 (12.5)

5 (4.9)

Biological mechanisms of pain

11 (28.2)

5 (14.3)

37 (27.2)

20 (17.1)

1 (6.7)

3 (15)

23 (23.5)

3 (18.8)

7 (6.9)

Ethical standards and guidelines related to management of pain

5 (12.8)

1 (2.9)

9 (6.6)

18 (15.4)

1 (6.7)

0 (0)

7 (7.1)

1 (6.3)

0 (0)

Definition of pain and pain terms

19 (48.7)

6 (17.1)

43 (31.6)

42 (35.9)

1 (6.7)

4 (20)

37 (37.8)

6 (37.5)

10 (9.8)

Biological, psychological and social factors influencing the perception of pain

12 (30.8)

1 (2.9)

25 (18.4)

32 (27.4)

1 (6.7)

1 (5)

23 (23.5)

4 (25)

9 (8.8)

Pain assessment and measurement (13.56)

(23.1)

(7.9)

(16.3)

(23.5)

(6.7)

(1.2)

(18.6)

(20.3)

(4.4)

Interprofessional and multiprofessional collaboration

6 (15.4)

3 (8.6)

20 (14.7)

23 (19.7)

1 (6.7)

0 (0)

13 (13.3)

4 (25)

2 (2)

Pain assessment

15 (38.5)

4 (11.4)

37 (27.2)

39 (33.3)

1 (6.7)

1 (5)

27 (27.6)

4 (25)

5 (4.9)

Pain impact on quality of life

11 (28.2)

3 (8.6)

23 (16.9)

30 (25.6)

2 (13.3)

0 (0)

23 (23.5)

3 (18.8)

8 (7.8)

Evaluation of outcomes

4 (10.3)

1 (2.9)

9 (6.6)

17 (15.5)

0 (0)

0 (0)

10 (10.2)

2 (12.5)

3 (2.9)

Management of pain (10.28)

(17.5)

(6.7)

(13.3)

(17.8)

(3.3)

(4.2)

(13.9)

(12.5)

(3.3)

Pharmacological methods

13 (33.3)

6 (17.1)

34 (25)

36 (30.8)

0 (0)

4 (20)

10 (10.2)

4 (25)

0 (0)

Non-pharmacological approaches

9 (23.1)

3 (8.6)

24 (17.6)

33 (28.2)

0 (0)

0 (0)

24 (24.5)

2 (12.5)

7 (6.9)

Psychological approaches

8 (20.5)

2 (5.7)

20 (14.7)

23 (19.7)

2 (13.3)

1 (5)

12 (12.2)

1 (6.3)

12 (11.8)

Rehabilitation approaches

4 (10.3)

1 (2.9)

12 (8.8)

5 (4.3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

22 (22.4)

3 (18.8)

0 (0)

Surgical approaches

3 (7.7)

1 (2.9)

9 (6.6)

12 (10.3)

0 (0)

1 (0)

2 (2)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Other non-pharmacological

4 (10.3)

1 (2.9)

10 (7.4)

16 (13.7)

1 (6.7)

0 (0)

12 (12.2)

2 (12.5)

1 (1)

Clinical conditions (13.62)

(24.5)

(8.6)

(16.5)

(17.8)

(2.9)

(7.8)

(19)

(22.3)

(3.2)

Type(s) of pain (neuropathic pain, nociceptive pain)

17 (43.6)

8 (22.9)

49 (36)

40 (34.2)

1 (6.7)

3 (15)

38 (38.8)

8 (50)

6 (5.9)

Distinction between commonly used pain terms in clinical practice (e.g. allodynia, analgesia, dysesthesia, hyperalgesia)

9 (23.1)

2 (5.7)

22 (16.2)

14 (12)

0 (0)

2 (10)

20 (20.4)

4 (25)

0 (0)

Pain in older adults

6 (15.4)

0 (0)

6 (4.4)

14 (12)

0 (0)

0 (0)

3 (3.1)

1 (6.3)

1 (1)

Pain in special population (e.g., pain in people with psychiatric disorder or in individuals with substance abuse)

2 (5.1)

0 (0)

6 (4.4)

14 (12)

0 (0)

0 (0)

4 (4.1)

1 (6.3)

5 (4.9)

Distinction between acute, recurrent, incident, and or persistent pain

19 (48.7)

8 (22.9)

48 (35.3)

43 (36.8)

1 (6.7)

3 (15)

38 (38.8)

7 (43.8)

8 (7.8)

Pain in infants, children and adolescents

3 (7.7)

0 (0)

5 (3.7)

8 (6.8)

1 (6.7)

0 (0)

2 (2)

2 (12.5)

1 (1)

Specific pain problems (e.g., back pain, headache)

11 (28.2)

3 (8.6)

21 (15.4)

13 (11.1)

0 (0)

3 (15)

25 (25.5)

2 (12.5)

2 (2)