Pure PBL, Hybrid PBL and Lecturing: which one is more effective in developing cognitive skills of undergraduate students in pediatric nursing course?

Table 3 Means, SDs, and ANOVA for Mental Effort of assessment test, and Mental Effort and Instructional Efficiency of the Posttest

Measures	Groups	N	Mean	SD	F	df	P
Mental Effort of assessment test	PPBL	30	3.86	1.35
	HPBL	30	3.71	1.16	5.67	2.92	.005
	COTL	35	4.75	1.52
Mental Effort of posttest	PPBL	30	3.80	1.01
	HPBL	30	3.64	.87	13.69	2.92	.001
	COTL	35	4.89	1.23
Instructional Efficiency	PPBL	30	.38	1.23
	HPBL	30	.52	1.12	10.88	2.92	.001
	COTL	35	−.77	1.34

ISSN: 1472-6920