Table 3 Responses to vignette diagnosis and management questions by patient ethnicity
From: Ethnic bias and clinical decision-making among New Zealand medical students: an observational study
Cardiovascular disease vignette | NZ European patient (n = 142) | Māori patient (n = 140) | Mean difference | p-value |
Vignette questions | mean (95% CI) | mean (95% CI) | NZE - Māori (95% CI) | |
Please assess the likelihood that Mr. [Wiremu’s/Williams’] pain is due to coronary artery diseasea | 3.59 (3.41, 3.76) | 3.61 (3.44, 3.77) | − 0.02 (− 0.26, 0.22) | 0.874 |
Using the information available, what would your recommendation be regarding thrombolysis for Mr. [Wiremu/Williams] when you discuss this case with your consultant?b | 3.26 (3.08, 3.43) | 3.25 (3.09, 3.41) | 0.01 (− 0.23, 0.24) | 0.966 |
If Mr. [Wiremu/Williams] refuses thrombolysis, how would you describe your subsequent management regarding thrombolysis?c | 3.74 (3.61, 3.87) | 3.59 (3.43, 3.76) | 0.15 (− 0.07, 0.36) | 0.176 |
Depression vignette | NZ European patient (n = 142) | Māori patient (n = 138) | Mean difference | p-value |
Vignette questions | mean (95% CI) | mean (95% CI) | NZE - Māori (95% CI) | |
Please assess the likelihood that Mr. [Tipene/Stephens’s] symptoms are due to depressiona | 3.89 (3.77, 4.00) | 3.74 (3.61, 3.87) | 0.15 (−0.03, 0.32) | 0.096 |
Based on the information you have, how would you rate the severity of Mr. [Tipene/Stephens’s] symptoms?d | 2.80 (2.72, 2.87) | 2.88 (2.79, 2.96) | −0.08 (− 0.19, 0.03) | 0.146 |
What initial management approach would you recommend? (options ranked from 1 to 5)e | ||||
Encourage self-help strategiesf | 1.36 (1.20, 1.52) | 1.36 (1.19, 1.52) | − 0.01 (− 0.23, 0.22) | 0.955 |
Refer to social support and counselling services | 3.28 (3.12, 3.44) | 2.99 (2.83, 3.16) | − 0.29 (− 0.52, − 0.06) | 0.012 |
Recommend anti-depressant treatment | 2.73 (2.57, 2.89) | 3.01 (2.84, 3.17) | 0.28 (0.05, 0.50) | 0.017 |
Refer to primary care brief intervention serviceg | 3.06 (2.90, 3.22) | 3.01 (2.84, 3.17) | −0.06 (− 0.28, 0.17) | 0.626 |
Commence anti-depressant and refer to specialist mental health services | 4.56 (4.40, 4.72) | 4.64 (4.48, 4.80) | 0.08 (−0.15, 0.31) | 0.505 |
Please rate the likelihood that Mr. [Tipene/Stephens] will benefit from your selected initial management approachh | 3.68 (3.56, 3.80) | 3.64 (3.52, 3.77) | 0.04 (− 0.14, 0.21) | 0.684 |