Table 1 Shoulder Physical Examination

1

 Adequate exposure

0 1 2

Observe as they disrobe for degree of discomfort

 General

0 1 2

Symmetry, scars, skin lesions, erythema, edema, atrophy

 Scapular winging

0 1 2

Patient raises arms bilaterally

Wall press

2

 Sternoclavicular joints

0 1 2

 Acromioclavicular joints

0 1 2

 Biceps tendons

0 1 2

 Subacromial space

0 1 2

Lateral and posterolateral

3

4

 Bilateral

0 1 2

Supraspinatus

  ROM: Active abduction in scapular plane

  Painful arc (>90°)

  Drop arm test

0 1 2

Scapular plane

Neutral rotation (thumbs to ceiling)

Allow for full active adduction

Motor: Empty Can Test

0 1 2

Scapular plane

Full pronation (thumbs to floor)

Resisted abduction at 90° or less

Infraspinatus

ROM: Active external rotation

0 1 2

Elbows at side

Motor: Active external rotation against resistance

0 1 2

Elbows at side

Start with hands near midline

Subscapularis

 Motor: Belly Press Test

0 1 2

Hand on abdomen

Elbow anterior to midline

Examiner pulls at forearm

Watch for elbow to drop

ROM: Active internal rotation along spine

0 1 2

Observe patient from behind

Motor: Lift Off Test

0 1 2

Hand at lumbar spine

Actively lifts arm off back against resistance at wrist

Teres Minor

 ROM: Active external rotation with 90°  shoulder abduction and 90° elbow flexion

0 1 2

90° shoulder abduction

90° elbow flexion

Active external rotation

 Motor: Hornblower’s Test

0 1 2

External rotation as above against resistance

5

 Hawkin’s Test

0 1 2

Shoulder 90° abduction

Scapular plane

90° elbow flexion

Internal rotation + horizontal adduction

 Neer’s Test

0 1 2

Elbow extended

Full pronation

Maximal passive forward elevation of shoulder with scapular stabilization

Speed’s Test

0 1 2

60° forward elevation

Hand in supination

20–30° elbow flexion

Apply downward pressure to forearm

Yergason’s Test

0 1 2

Elbow at side, 90° flexion

Palm in supination

Resisted supination

Cross-arm Test

0 1 2

Active horizontal adduction