Table 4 Elements required for successful and sustainable IPL curriculum versus HCC experience

Long term dedicated support and budget [48].

University grant funded initially; and for a subsequent 1-2 years but HCC relatively low cost because student-directed.

IPL performance metrics [49]. Rigorous assessment so that the evidence that IPL works is provided [50].)

Included- a large scale student-directed exercise enables and requires substantial data collection and analysis.

Faculty development program/training (e.g. in small group IPL facilitation) [51].

Not needed – a skeleton academic team of five developed and ran the HCC.

An academic calendar that allows for IPL. [48, 52]

Minimum shared scheduling required – a single student day.

Teaching spaces for small group work [37].

Made available to 45 % of students, most used public campus learning spaces.

Required participation of healthcare programs [53], i.e. IPL is mandatory [55].

The HCC is suitable for mandatory participation

Development of a formal IPL department or organizational home [56]. Secure governance arrangements are a priority.

Will be needed to provide long term support and development

Links between higher education and health [58].

Minimum links are needed – primarily to source authentic case studies