Table 2 Characteristics of facilitative and non-facilitative tutoring (as defined in the study protocol. Group interaction phases are F = forming, S = storming, and N = norming)
Facilitative tutoring (f) | Non-facilitative tutoring (nf) |
|---|---|
Tutor | Tutor |
1. offers orientation and explanation (F). | 1. is participative and delegates (F). |
2. is aware of defined learning objectives (S). | 2. is not aware of defined learning objectives (S). |
3. intervenes actively in intra-group processes, if required (N). | 3. intervenes in acute necessity in intra-group processes (N). |
4. helps the group in the “forming” process (F). | 4. doesn’t help the group in the forming process (F). |
5. recognize and specify arising conflicts (S). | 5. recognize, but doesn’t specify arising conflicts (S). |
6. encourages participation of members, if necessary (S). | 6. doesn’t encourages participation of members (S). |
7. facilitates actively group collaboration (S). | 7. does’t facilitates actively group collaboration (S). |
8. offers during the session corrective feedback, if necessary (N). | 8. doesn’t offer during the session corrective feedback (N). |