Table 3 Ill-structured problems:

Example of a

non-medical problem

(from King and Kitchener)[11]

"Most historians claim that the pyramids were built as tombs for kings by the ancient Egyptians, using human labor, and aided by ropes, pulleys, and rollers. Others have suggested that the Egyptians could not have built such huge structures by themselves, for they had neither the mathematical knowledge, the necessary tools, nor an adequate source of power."

Example of a

medical problem:

(NHG standaard, Schouderklachten)

"When a patient presents with shoulder pain, one must check the active and passive abduction and exorotation of both arms. Other tests, such as resistance tests, horizontal adduction and passive endorotation are unnecessary, because they do not provide relevant information for management."