From: Knowledge and attitudes about health research amongst a group of Pakistani medical students
 | No. (%) |
---|---|
1. How would you define the scientific hypothesis? | 58 (29.4) |
a. A proposed idea or thought | Â |
b. An answer or solution to a question | Â |
c. An answer or solution to a question which has a capacity of verification or empirical demonstration* | Â |
d. logical deduction of the premises that may or may not be verified empirically | Â |
2. How would you define scientific theory? | 89 (45.2) |
a. Speculation or assumption with no or insufficient evidence | Â |
b. Scientific hypotheses that may be proven, but lacking evidence for verification. | Â |
c. Set of scientific knowledge on a given topic or area | Â |
d. System of hypotheses logically connected to one another, with common background, some of which have been verified* | Â |
3. How would you define the scientific truth? | 135 (68.5) |
a. The truth that will be reached through scientific research | Â |
b. Absolute truth | Â |
c. Consensus of competent experts * | Â |
d. Fact that can be found in the textbooks | Â |
e. Facts that your professors teach you | Â |
4. The essential characteristic of science is: | 47 (23.9) |
a. All scientific conclusions are temporary* | Â |
b. Scientific theory cannot merely explain natural phenomena, but must somehow also exert influence upon them | Â |
c. Rather obvious scientific conclusion does not have to be testable | Â |
d. An experiment is not an objective model of the nature but serves as an introduction into real research of natural phenomena | Â |
5. A scale from 1 to 5 (like grades on an examination) is called: | 96(48.7) |
a. Ratio scale | Â |
b. Nominal | Â |
c. Ordinal * | Â |
d. Interval | Â |
e. It is not a scale | Â |
6. Representativeness is a key characteristic of a: | 106 (53.8) |
a. Scientific paper | Â |
b. Professional paper | Â |
c. Scientific research | Â |
d. Sample* | Â |
e. Population | Â |
7. MEDLINE is: | 120 (60.9) |
a. The first and best known "on-line" medical journal | Â |
b. International association of medical informaticians | Â |
c. Printed form of the Excerpta Medica | Â |
d. Abbreviation (acronym) that lists the parts of the research article | Â |
e. Medical database* | Â |
8. In the previous year, you have published a paper in a prestigious Journal of Immunology. Now you want to check the number of citations your paper has received. The best way to do it would be to search the: | 81 (41.1) |
a. author index of the MEDLINE database | Â |
b. Corporate index of the Science Citation Index database | Â |
c. Author index of the Current Contents database | Â |
d. Citation index of the Science Citation Index database* | Â |
e. Author index of the Science Citation Index database | Â |
9. The part of a scientific paper is: | 119 (60.4) |
a. Author's curriculum vitae | Â |
b. Letter to the editor enclosed with the paper | Â |
c. Description of the timeline | Â |
d. Acknowledgment to persons who assisted you during the research* | Â |
10. All listed rules apply to the process of writing an Introduction section of a scientific paper EXCEPT: | 114 (57.8) |
a. clearly state why the research has been started | Â |
b. do not explain textbook facts | Â |
c. do not explain words from the title of the paper | Â |
d. make it longer rather than shorter* | Â |
e. clearly define the question to which your research aims to provide an answer | Â |
Mean score (+ SD) | 49.0 + 19.7 |