Table 1 Examples for the different types of MCQs
From: Pattern recognition as a concept for multiple-choice questions in a national licensing exam
PR question (PRQ) | A 26-year-old man presents with increased thirst, urinary frequency and nocturia over the past several months. Physical examination is unremarkable. Twenty-four-hour urine osmolarity is <300 mOsm/L. A fluid deprivation test does not result in an increased urine osmolarity. Administration of 0.03 μg/kg of desmopressin results in a urine osmolarity of 450 mOsm/L after 2 hours. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? |
Pseudo PR question (PPRQ) | A 42-year-old female consults her general practitioner because of increasing frequency of diarrhea with voluminous stools. The symptoms started six months ago and she is moving her bowels up to five times a day. Furthermore, she complains of flatulence and loss of weight (3 kg). Further investigations result in the diagnosis of celiac disease. Which diagnostic finding confirms this diagnosis? |
Inverse PR question (IPRQ) | Different symptoms can lead to the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis; which symptom does not belong in this list? |
Knowledge question (KQ) | Which type of bleeding is typical for low platelets? |