Stability of empathy among undergraduate medical students: A longitudinal study at one UK medical school

BMC Medical Education

Table 4 Time coefficients resulting from regression analyses for the outcome variables of IRI-EC and IRI-PT, controlling for student year of entry, presented as time coefficients with 95% confidence intervals

	Men	Women
Core Science component students
Empathetic Concern
Time coefficients (95% CI)	-0.53 (-0.87 to -0.20)	-0.12 (-0.39 to 0.14)
Perspective Taking
Time coefficients (95% CI)	0.35 (-0.006 to 0.71)‡	-0.03 (-0.37 to 0.30)
Clinical component students
Empathetic Concern
Time coefficients (95% CI)	-0.46 (-0.89 to -0.02)	-0.27 (-0.55 to 0.01)*
Perspective Taking
Time coefficients (95% CI)	0.14 (-0.31 to 0.60)	-0.13 (-0.35 to 0.09)

Results were similar and conclusions unchanged after removing outliers more than 3 SD away from the mean, except where indicated.
‡ Time coefficient was 0.38 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.74) after removing outliers more than 3 SD below the mean.
* Time coefficient was -0.30 (95% CI -0.57 to -0.04) after removing outliers more than 3 SD below the mean.

ISSN: 1472-6920