Table 1 Motivational levels reported by 4th year undergraduates under pre- and post-pandemic circumstances

Intrinsic

Identified

Introjected

Extrinsic

Amotivation

5.17

5.73

3.32

3.40

1.29

1.16

0.88

1.24

1.39

0.52

5.13

5.60

3.52

4.03

1.61

1.22

1.20

1.59

1.73

0.83

0.26 (230.55)

0.94 (194.39)

-1.08 (203.25)

-3.16 (207.21)

-3.61 (172.67)

0.798

0.248

0.281

0.002*

< 0.001*

-0.258

-0.139

-0.559

-1.028

-0.505

0.345

0.349

0.163

-0.237

-0.148

Motivation

indices

Controlled

Autonomous

3.36

5.45

1.10

0.92

3.77

5.37

1.42

1.13

-2.54 (201.96)

0.64 (253)

0.009*

0.531

-0.738

-0.176

-0.103

0.343